Maryam Ranjbar Zahedani; Mehdi Bastan; Seyedeh Maryam Abdollahzadeh; Maryam Shafiee; Mohammad Mehdi Khorshidsavar; Seyed Mohammad Aghaeinejad Rudbane; Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi
Abstract
Background: Irregular working times or atypical working schedules, accompanied by the risk of unhealthy dietary habits, physical inactivity, and partial sleep deprivation, potentially lead to increased metabolic risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status, physical activity level, ...
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Background: Irregular working times or atypical working schedules, accompanied by the risk of unhealthy dietary habits, physical inactivity, and partial sleep deprivation, potentially lead to increased metabolic risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status, physical activity level, and the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of South Zagros Oil and Gas Production Company (SZOGPC) employees (predominantly irregular-shift workers) toward diet and nutrition.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to October 2017 on 997 SZOGPC workers. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, biochemical markers, physical activity status, KAP, and dietary intake of the employees were assessed and analyzed. The offered menus were also analyzed.Results: The participants’ mean age was 37.0±6.7 years; the majority of them were married (88.2%) and had irregular-shift work (85.6%). Approximately four-fifths of the participants were either pre-obese or obese, and two-thirds had central obesity. Over half of the participants had high serum triglyceride concentrations and inadequate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase levels were higher than the normal range in 79.0% and 36.2% of the subjects, respectively. The KAP survey showed that only 28-31% of the interviewed participants had acceptable KAP subscale or total scores on the principles related to weight gain and obesity. The mean energy intake was almost 50% more than the average recommendations.Conclusion: Irregular-shift workers appear to be at increased health risk, particularly in terms of acquiring non communicable diseases. Effective lifestyle interventions such as nutrition education and basic menu changes must be considered as a major priority to promote health in such populations.
Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari; Maryam Ranjbar Zahedani; Atefeh Kohansal
Abstract
Background: Normal Body Mass Index (BMI) = 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 and high Body Fat (BF), have been defined as Normal Weigh Obesity (NWO), which can increase the risk of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to determine the association between NWO and MetS indicators, ...
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Background: Normal Body Mass Index (BMI) = 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 and high Body Fat (BF), have been defined as Normal Weigh Obesity (NWO), which can increase the risk of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to determine the association between NWO and MetS indicators, Insulin Resistance (IR), and inflammatory and oxidative stress indices in NW obese compared to normal weight women referring to Imam Reza medical center, Shiraz, Iran. Methods: In this case-control study, 41 healthy NW obese Iranian women were recruited and compared to 45 healthy non-obese control subjects. Anthropometric features, body composition, blood pressure, inflammation and oxidative stress indices, fasting insulin, lipid profile, and blood sugar were measured. IR was also assessed by means of special formulas. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the NWO and the control group regarding anthropometric measurements and body composition, including waist (p=0.008) and hip (p<0.001) circumferences, BF (p<0.001), skeletal muscle (p=0.03), protein(p=0.04), body cell mass(p=0.02), bone mass content(p=0.04), and arm circumference(p<0.001). All subjects had normal systolic and diastolic blood pressures. However, the NWO group showed significantly higher serum concentrations of triglycerides (p=0.02), total cholesterol(p=0.02), and C-reactive protein (p<0.001). On the other hand, the results of McAuley test indicated significantly lower insulin sensitivity in the NWO group (p=0.03). Besides, serum MDA concentration did not have a marked differences in both study groups. Conclusion: