Amir Saeed; Navid MoradiKashkooli; Anahita Sanaeidashti; Zahra Seratishirazi; Mahvash Alirahimi
Abstract
Background: Nosocomial infection (NI) has always been considered a significant problem around the world. Due to the special conditions of the admitted patients, NI is of significant importance in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The present study was an attempt to study the prevalence of NI ...
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Background: Nosocomial infection (NI) has always been considered a significant problem around the world. Due to the special conditions of the admitted patients, NI is of significant importance in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The present study was an attempt to study the prevalence of NI in PICU and its effects on hospital stay and mortality rate.Methods: The present research is a retrospective cross-sectional study in which the clinical and laboratory data of 693 patients admitted to the PICU of Namazi Hospital in 2018 was studied. Then, the information was entered into SPSS and analyzed.Results: Of 693 admitted patients, 101 developed a nosocomial infection in the PICU, accounting for 14.57% of patients. Pneumonia, urinary infection, and septicemia were reported as the most frequent nosocomial infections. The most common pathogen responsible was Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter in pneumonia, Enterococcus in urinary infection, and Stenotrophomonas in septicemia. The present study showed that nosocomial infection was associated with increased hospital stay and mortality rate.Conclusion: Nosocomial infection is considered an important challenge in the health system; its prevalence in different parts of the world is different, and it was not high in the present study. Nosocomial infection increases mortality and hospital stay and imposes a heavy burden on the health system; therefore, it is vital to decrease its prevalence. These findings can be used to plan for better infection control strategies and decrease nosocomial infection, hospital stay, and mortality rate.
Serajeddin Mahmoudiani; Afshan Javadi; Maryam Janfaday
Abstract
Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 has become the current crisis in most countries. Therefore, paying attention to the consequences and determinants of COVID-19. Mortality can lead to better control of the condition. This study aimed to investigate the COVID-19 mortality rate and its demographic and ...
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Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 has become the current crisis in most countries. Therefore, paying attention to the consequences and determinants of COVID-19. Mortality can lead to better control of the condition. This study aimed to investigate the COVID-19 mortality rate and its demographic and health determinants in Fars province.Methods: This research was conducted using a quantitative method. For this purpose, available data for selected counties in Fars province were analyzed. The COVID-19 mortality rate was considered a dependent variable. In addition, the variables of literacy rate, urbanization rate, elderly population ratio, unemployment rate, the ratio of the active hospital, ratio of prehospital emergency stations, the ratio of centers for primary health care, and the ratio of active hospital beds were considered independent variables.Results: Findings showed that the variables of the elderly population ratio, urbanization rate, and unemployment rate had a direct relationship with the COVID-19 mortality rate. The findings also indicated that the COVID-19 mortality rate in the 45-49 age range begins to accelerate and peaks between 95 and 99 years old. In addition, the literacy rate was inversely related to the COVID-19 mortality rate. The results also showed an inverse relationship between all the selected health variables and the dependent variable.Conclusion: Improving the economic situation, specifically reducing the unemployment rate, emphasizing public education of the people, as well as improving the medical and health facilities, can facilitate the response to pandemics.
