Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan; Hamed Delam; Amir Mansouri; Mozhgan Jokar; Esmaeil Kavi; Omid Soufi
Abstract
Background: Since psychological well-being can predict the individuals’ suicidal ideation, therapeutic interventions such as reminiscence can be helpful for these persons. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of reminiscence intervention on psychological well-being among individuals with ...
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Background: Since psychological well-being can predict the individuals’ suicidal ideation, therapeutic interventions such as reminiscence can be helpful for these persons. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of reminiscence intervention on psychological well-being among individuals with a history of suicide attempt.Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial. The population of this study consisted of individuals who had attempted suicide and referred to public hospitals in Shiraz. The sample size in each control and experimental group was estimated to be 20 people.Results: The comparison of the mean score of depression in the intervention and control groups showed that the two groups did not have a significant difference before the intervention (P=0.414), while immediately after the intervention (P<0.001) and one month after it (P=0.003) a significant difference was observed. Also, the mean score of anxiety immediately after the intervention and one month after the intervention was significantly different between the intervention and control groups (P<0.05). In the stage immediately after the intervention, the comparison of the mean scores of self-esteem in the intervention and control groups showed a significant relationship (P=0.019).Conclusion: It can be said that this intervention has been effective in reducing the symptoms of anxiety and depression and increasing the self-esteem of people who have a history of attempted suicide.
Hamed Delam; Kosar Zarebi; Esmaeil Kavi; Nasrin Shokrpour; Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan
Abstract
Background: Suicide is a multi-factorial phenomenon whose patterns can vary even from one place to another in one country; the purpose of this study was to determine the causes of suicide attempt in a 6-year period in Larestan County in the period between 2012 and 2017. Methods: The present study was ...
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Background: Suicide is a multi-factorial phenomenon whose patterns can vary even from one place to another in one country; the purpose of this study was to determine the causes of suicide attempt in a 6-year period in Larestan County in the period between 2012 and 2017. Methods: The present study was a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. In order to investigate the epidemiological condition of suicide attempters in Larestan, all files of suicide cases registered in the period between 2012 and 2017 in this city were investigated, and finally 723 cases were included in the study. For statistical analysis, independent t-test, chi-square and logistic regression models were used. A significance level of 5% was considered. Results: Of the total 723 suicide attempts recorded in the health network of Larestan, the mean age at suicide attempt was 26.08 ± 7.88 years and 3.73% of them had died as a result of suicide attempt. Drug abuse and poisoning were the most common methods of suicidal attempt. Based on the regression model, Increase in age, male sex, and physical problems were the most important factors in predicting suicide death (P<0.05). Conclusion: Various factors including age, male gender and physical problems contribute to suicide and deaths associated with it; therefore, the implementation of educational and counseling programs for these individuals, especially in adolescence and youth, and people with physical and psychological problems is essential.
Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan; Hamed Delam; Esmaeil kavi
Abstract
Introduction: Drug abuse problem is one of the four global crises and the most important social crisis in Iran. This study was conducted to investigate the importance of life skills training in preventing the recurrence of addiction among young people. Methods: The present article is a narrative review ...
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Introduction: Drug abuse problem is one of the four global crises and the most important social crisis in Iran. This study was conducted to investigate the importance of life skills training in preventing the recurrence of addiction among young people. Methods: The present article is a narrative review performed by two researchers between January and February 2020 by searching in scientific databases in articles published in Scopus, Pubmed, Google scholar and Google search engine including the terms “addiction”, “youth” , “Coping skills”, “adaptability skills”, “life skills training”, and “drug abuse”. Results: The results of various studiesindicate that the life skills training program increases the feeling of happiness, improves the quality of life of people, and increases the ability to control emotions. Conclusion: Due to the positive impact of life skills training and its applicability to all segments of society, planners and managers in the community's mental health sector can set up centers to continuously hold such classes and conduct life skills training even as in-service training program.
Esmaeil Kavi; Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan
Abstract
The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which belongs to a group of families of viruses, was found in Wuhan, China, on December 29, 2019 and became a highly contagious disease. This unknown disease was introduced with symptoms of fever, cough, myalgia, fatigue, diarrhea, vomiting, hemoptysis, shortness of ...
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The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which belongs to a group of families of viruses, was found in Wuhan, China, on December 29, 2019 and became a highly contagious disease. This unknown disease was introduced with symptoms of fever, cough, myalgia, fatigue, diarrhea, vomiting, hemoptysis, shortness of breath, severe bilateral lung infiltrates, arrhythmia, acute heart injury, impaired renal function, liver dysfunction, and some death cases (1). There is no doubt that COVID-19 has been an unprecedented challenge for humanity and since the World Health Organization warned of a crisis(2), people were faced with a huge amount of right and wrong information published in the cyberspace; despite the few symptoms and possibility of low infection, many people searched the cyberspace to get information for self-care(3). Experience with the results of previous studies also shows that despite the benefits of using the Internet and smartphones by users, checking the health of users on the Internet pathologically when a disease spreads (Cyberchondria) can be worrying, and in such situations, individuals may try to attribute an illness to themselves by examining the Internet sites and social networks(4). However, research conducted after the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of "CoV" searches on Google shows that the volume of the searched content on "CoV" about 2019-nCoV is rapidly increasing, and in spite of the fact that much of the information in the social media is invalid, it can raise public concern about the disease. Therefore, searching for information about COVID-19 online and confrontation with such huge information may increase anxiety and distress and cause cyberchondria(5). Therefore, healthcare authorities in different countries, including Iran, must be prepared to face with the health challenges of this emerging disease, address the general anxiety caused by its outbreak, and adopt appropriate programs to manage public opinion during the prevalence of this disease; also, we should expand people's access to the right information to prevent the spread of Cyberchondria, which can be caused by incorrect information received about COVID-19. Finally, it can be said that due to the growing concerns about COVID-19, people may eventually ignore vital information published about this disease by the media because of the fear of knowing.
Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan; Esmaeil Kavi; Amir Mansouri; Hamed Delam
Abstract
Abstract Water pipe tobacco smoking with biological, psychological and social dimensions is one of the problems of the present age. The purpose of this article was to investigate the factors affecting the use of hookah among women. This article is a review study conducted by searching the scientific ...
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Abstract Water pipe tobacco smoking with biological, psychological and social dimensions is one of the problems of the present age. The purpose of this article was to investigate the factors affecting the use of hookah among women. This article is a review study conducted by searching the scientific databases using search engines in the articles published in Scopus, Pubmed, Google scholar databases as well as the general Google search engine using the keywords hookah, Shisha, water pipe, tobacco, women. A rapid literature search strategy was conducted for all theEnglish language literature published before January 2020. The findings of this study indicate the effect of multiple personal, social and family factors on the initiation and continuation of water pipe tobacco smoking among women. Therefore, it seems that with regard to these risk factors, appropriate programs and interventions for prevention of water pipe tobacco smoking use among women can be considered.
Hamed Delam; Esmaeil Kavi; Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan
Abstract
Background: Since the elderly are more susceptible to cognitive impairment than other age groups, this study aimed to investigate the assessment of cognitive status of the elderly living in nursing homes in Larestan city and the relationship between cognitive status of the elderly people ...
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Background: Since the elderly are more susceptible to cognitive impairment than other age groups, this study aimed to investigate the assessment of cognitive status of the elderly living in nursing homes in Larestan city and the relationship between cognitive status of the elderly people and some demographic variables. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study conducted on all the elderly living in a nursing home in Larestan city. Sampling was done by census method and 54 elderly people were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Demographic characteristics questionnaire was used to assess general information of the elderly, and standard mini mental state examination questionnaire was used to assess the elderly people’s cognitive status. Results: The mean age of the males was 69.44± 5.83 years with a range of 60-78. Mean and standard deviation of cognitive status were 25.28 ± 2.15 for males and 24.82 ± 2.54 for females, respectively. Also, 5 (9.30%) had moderate cognitive impairment, 24 (44.40%) had moderate cognitive impairment and 25 (46.30%) had normal cognitive status. There was a significant relationship between marital status and cognitive status in the elderly (p value = 0.012). The mean cognitive status of the married and single elderly was 24.10 ± 2.51 and 25.54 ± 2.13, respectively. Conclusion: Cognitive disorders are more prevalent among the elderly married couples, which can improve the adverse effects of these cognitive disorders by strengthening family relationships and caring.
Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan; Samira Zahmatbar; Hamed Delam; Azizallah Dehghan; Mozhgan Jokar; Esmaeil Kavi
Abstract
Background: Resiliency is considered as a coping method for nurses in dealing with work problems. Because different personality characteristics also cause different responses by nurses in coping with challenges, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality traits and resilience ...
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Background: Resiliency is considered as a coping method for nurses in dealing with work problems. Because different personality characteristics also cause different responses by nurses in coping with challenges, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality traits and resilience in Nurses and Paramedical staff in Lar and Gerash hospitals. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The research sample consisted of 160 nurses and paramedical staff in Lar and Gerash hospitals that were selected by convenience sampling strategy. To measure the variables, NEO Personality Inventory (NEO- FEI) and Connor - Davidson Resiliency Scale (CD-RISC) were used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS version 25 software. Results: Statistical analysis showed that extraversion personality traits (r=0.680, P<0.001), openness to experience (r=0.452, P<0.001), agreeableness (r=0.298, P<0.001), and conscientiousness (r=0.635, P<0.001) had a positive and significant correlation with the resiliency variable, and it was only the trait of neuroticism (r=-0.749, P<0.001) that had an inverse and significant correlation with the resiliency variable. Conclusion: In the nursing profession, resiliency is a key element in improving the mental health of nursing staff and helping them to cope better with their stress, challenges and difficulties. Therefore, awareness of the effect of the nurses’ personality traits leads to better management, and since resilience is an educable and changeable variable, problems with nurses who lack effective personality traits can be improved by increasing resiliency