Abdurrahman Charkazi; Kamal Mirkarimi
Abstract
Background: Obesity has dramatically formed a public health problem across the world. The current survey explored the effects of motivational interviewing (MI) on paraclinical parameters and cardiorespiratory fitness among women with overweight and obesity who referred to the nutrition clinics.Methods: ...
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Background: Obesity has dramatically formed a public health problem across the world. The current survey explored the effects of motivational interviewing (MI) on paraclinical parameters and cardiorespiratory fitness among women with overweight and obesity who referred to the nutrition clinics.Methods: We conducted a single blind randomized clinical trial study on 136 women with overweight and obesity who were randomly assigned to MI (n=68) or control (n=68) groups during September 2014 to October 2015 year in Gorgan city of Golestan province. The Rockport Walk Test was used to evaluate the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and total cholesterol which were also tested in participants trained to fast for 12 hours and avoid alcohol consumption in 24 hours before the blood test. The total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and cardio-respiratory fitness were investigated at baseline and at 12 months’ follow-up. Descriptive analysis was run to describe the mean and standard deviation of the demographic characteristics. Independent t-test, paired t-test, and chi-square test were applied. A P value<0.05 was considered as significant.Results: The mean age of the MI and control group was 51.6±5.2 and 53.8±5.8 years, respectively. MI significantly reduced the total cholesterol (P=0.032), HDL-C (P=0.041) and LDL-C (P=0.011), while it increased VO2 max compared to the control group.Conclusion: MI may remarkably affect the participant’s paraclinical outcomes including lipid profiles and cardiorespiratory fitness levels. More surveys seem helpful to confirm the effectiveness of MI on long-time changes among people with overweight and obesity.
Farhang Hooshmand; Vahid Rahmanian; Mohammad Shojaei; Karamatollah Rahmanian
Abstract
Background: The overall prevalence of metabolically unhealthy (MU) phenotype in Iranian adults is a matter of debate. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of metabolically unhealthystate in people over 30 years old in the general population in Southern Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional ...
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Background: The overall prevalence of metabolically unhealthy (MU) phenotype in Iranian adults is a matter of debate. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of metabolically unhealthystate in people over 30 years old in the general population in Southern Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional population-based study, 891 participants aged ≥30 were selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. The study examined age, sex, education, marital status, smoking behavior, weight, height, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, and lipid profiles. MU was defined as the existence of at least two of four constituents of metabolic abnormalities based on ATP III criteria. Data analysis was carried out in Stata version 14. Finally, a logistic regression was performed to identify the risk factors for MU prevalence.Results: The overall prevalence of MU was 49.4%, corresponding to 37.5%, 55.6%, and 60.2% of normal weight, overweight, and obese participants, respectively. MU prevalence significantly increased from 30.6% in participants aged 30-39 years to 69.7% in participants aged 60 years or older. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that dyslipidemia (OR=2.98, CI95%:2.13-4.16), high LDL (OR=2.73, CI95%:1.77-4.20), obesity (OR=2.83, CI95%:1.84-4.36), overweight (OR=2.13, CI95%:1.53- 2.98), and higher age (OR=1.04, CI95%:1.03-1.05) was positively associated with the MU state.Conclusion: Metabolically unhealthy state is a public health problem in the study area. In terms of public health, screening for obesity and other metabolic disorders should be regularly performed in clinical practice to take appropriate preventive measures.
Salma Mahmoodianfard; Neda Haghighat
Abstract
Obesity is known as a major public health problem, with multi-factorial aspects. A complex interaction among genetic, physiological, and behavioral variables affects both the development and maintenance of the obese condition. Currently, there is an increasing interest in recognizing the significant ...
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Obesity is known as a major public health problem, with multi-factorial aspects. A complex interaction among genetic, physiological, and behavioral variables affects both the development and maintenance of the obese condition. Currently, there is an increasing interest in recognizing the significant role of psychosocial determinants of dietary behaviors to develop effective interventional weight loss programs. A review of the existing knowledge about the psychosocial determinants of food intake may be beneficial for developing dietary behaviors for health promotion among the populations. Differences in the psychosocial determinants of eating between obese and nonobese individuals and youth and adult groups provide a better understanding of the drivers of socioeconomic disparities in dietary intake, and how to develop targeted intervention strategies. In this review, we discussed the basic psychosocial concepts and theories related to food behaviors. Then, the psychological factors associated with the obesity-related food behaviors and the comparisons between the correlates of dietary behavior in obese and non-obese individuals were explained. Finally, the results of population-based studies which have addressed the contribution of dietary behavior among the youth and adults were presented.
Tooba Kazemi; Bita Bijari; Mohammad Reza Abedini; Hamid Azadmehr
Abstract
Background: Obesity is one of the most public health challenges in the 21st century, which has increased in most countries during the last decade. This study aimed to determine factors affecting the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and central obesity among urban adults referred to Birjand health centers ...
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Background: Obesity is one of the most public health challenges in the 21st century, which has increased in most countries during the last decade. This study aimed to determine factors affecting the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and central obesity among urban adults referred to Birjand health centers in 2017. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the data of all individuals who were registered in the Integrated health application system of Birjand (SIB) from April 2016 until March 2017 by census method. A checklist was designed to include the participants’ demographic characteristics, weight, height, and waist circumference. After coordinating with the health department of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, the authors logged in to the SIB system, collected and entered the data into the checklist. Then, the authors analyzed data using chi-square, independent sample T-test, and ANOVA tests by SPSS-22 software. Results: In the present study, 10,000 people participated. Their average age was of 44.3±11.8 years. The majority were females 7190 (71.9%) out of which 4827 (48.3%)were in the age group of 30 to 40 years old. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity in urban adults who registered in the SIB system in Birjand was 3539 (35.4%), 1968 (19.7%), and 4847 (48.5%), respectively. These features for women were significantly higher than men in all age groups. Conclusion: These findings revealed that obesity and abdominal obesity were high in urban adults in Birjand, which requires immediate intervention to improve the obesity status.
Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari; Maryam Ranjbar Zahedani; Atefeh Kohansal
Abstract
Background: Normal Body Mass Index (BMI) = 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 and high Body Fat (BF), have been defined as Normal Weigh Obesity (NWO), which can increase the risk of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to determine the association between NWO and MetS indicators, ...
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Background: Normal Body Mass Index (BMI) = 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 and high Body Fat (BF), have been defined as Normal Weigh Obesity (NWO), which can increase the risk of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to determine the association between NWO and MetS indicators, Insulin Resistance (IR), and inflammatory and oxidative stress indices in NW obese compared to normal weight women referring to Imam Reza medical center, Shiraz, Iran. Methods: In this case-control study, 41 healthy NW obese Iranian women were recruited and compared to 45 healthy non-obese control subjects. Anthropometric features, body composition, blood pressure, inflammation and oxidative stress indices, fasting insulin, lipid profile, and blood sugar were measured. IR was also assessed by means of special formulas. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the NWO and the control group regarding anthropometric measurements and body composition, including waist (p=0.008) and hip (p<0.001) circumferences, BF (p<0.001), skeletal muscle (p=0.03), protein(p=0.04), body cell mass(p=0.02), bone mass content(p=0.04), and arm circumference(p<0.001). All subjects had normal systolic and diastolic blood pressures. However, the NWO group showed significantly higher serum concentrations of triglycerides (p=0.02), total cholesterol(p=0.02), and C-reactive protein (p<0.001). On the other hand, the results of McAuley test indicated significantly lower insulin sensitivity in the NWO group (p=0.03). Besides, serum MDA concentration did not have a marked differences in both study groups. Conclusion:
Farnaz Rahnavard; Ahmad Kalateh Sadati; Masood Amini
Volume 2, Issue 4 , October 2014, , Pages 151-157
Abstract
Background: The findings of many studies confirm that obesity includes social stigma. Stigma involves several stereotypes that have negative psychosocial effects. The goal of this study was to evaluate the experience of social stigma in obese women with emphasis on their coping strategies.Methods: After ...
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Background: The findings of many studies confirm that obesity includes social stigma. Stigma involves several stereotypes that have negative psychosocial effects. The goal of this study was to evaluate the experience of social stigma in obese women with emphasis on their coping strategies.Methods: After the interview was done in the department with 24 Sleeve female candidate, their narratives were analyzed using descriptive phenomenological approach.Results: Results showed that obese women had undesirable experiences of social stigma. Nevertheless, they used coping strategies to adapt with new conditions. The main strategies revealed include social resistance; passivity; psychological problems and hysteria; extreme denial of self body image; social isolation; and ignorance of what others say (self empowerment).Conclusion: Social stigma of obesity affects the obese women negatively. Although obese women use several strategies to cope, with huge social and personal costs are imposed on them. To reduce these costs, policy-makers should pay attention to desensitization of obesity in society with emphasis on women. To this end, they can use media instruments on the one hand and make the cultural context and infrastructures such as school and universities on the other.
