Mozhgan Seif; Mehdi Sharafi; Marziyeh Sadat Seif; Mohsen Bayati; Jalal Karimi
Abstract
Background: The effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination determines the resource allocation for saving lives in this pandemic. Certainly, the efficacy of all vaccines has been studied in laboratory situations. However, the present study aims to estimate the effectiveness of vaccination in real conditions ...
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Background: The effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination determines the resource allocation for saving lives in this pandemic. Certainly, the efficacy of all vaccines has been studied in laboratory situations. However, the present study aims to estimate the effectiveness of vaccination in real conditions of Iranian populations by controlling the effect of demographic factors and the history of chronic diseases.Methods: This historical cohort study used information on 1988 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with less than 93% blood oxygen levels. Cox regression, Survival Tree, and Forests were applied to estimate the effect of immunity from vaccination on survival, while the effect of demographic characteristics and history of chronic diseases was controlled.Results: The analysis showed that 10% of the patients were immunized, while the Sinopharm vaccine and the rest by Sputnik induced 86% of the immunity. Although there was no difference in the effectiveness of the vaccines, it was found that the immunity from each vaccine increased survival. Patient age was identified as the most influential factor in survival. Other contributing factors include the history of opium/smoking, cancer, the history of chronic lung disease, kidney disease, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular problems.Conclusion: Although age is the most influential factor in patient survival, immunity can control the risk of COVID-19. Therefore, it is recommended to prioritize the old and patients with any of the above underlying problems for vaccination and timely treatment.
Zahra Maleki; Haleh Ghaem; Mozhgan Seif; Sedigheh Foruhari
Abstract
Introduction: Therapeutic Abortion (TA) has been defined as termination of pregnancy before the 20th week of gestation in order to save the mother’s life and prevent birth defects.The present study aimed to investigate the incidence of TA and its related maternal-fetal risk factors.
Methods: This ...
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Introduction: Therapeutic Abortion (TA) has been defined as termination of pregnancy before the 20th week of gestation in order to save the mother’s life and prevent birth defects.The present study aimed to investigate the incidence of TA and its related maternal-fetal risk factors.
Methods: This historical cohort study reviewed 11000 birth records. Among these reviewed records, 83 cases of TA were identified. Then, for each case, three controls of live infants born in the same hospital on the same day were selected and matched for gestational age. We used a researcher-made questionnaire for data collection.
Results: The cumulative incidence of TA was computed 7.54 per 1000 live births. The results of multiple Cox regression model revealed that four risk factors including male gender; parental consanguinity; maternal diseases including gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, infertility, the use of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and urinary tract infection; and maternal medication consumption increased the risk of TA (all hazard ratios > 1: p<0.05).
Conclusion: For the first time, we assessed the incidence of TA through this population-based cohort study in Iran. Importantly, parental consanguinity was one of the predictors of TA revealed in this study. Identification of the causes of TA would prevent the birth of infants with congenital anomalies.
Alireza Mirahmadizadeh; Sadaf Sahraian; Hamed Delam; Mozhgan Seif
Abstract
Objective: Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent chronic disease in the world. Timely and appropriate control can significantly reduce the burdens and costs of this disease. Although insulin injection is the most efficient method to control type 2 diabetes, patients avoid this method for unknown reasons. ...
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Objective: Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent chronic disease in the world. Timely and appropriate control can significantly reduce the burdens and costs of this disease. Although insulin injection is the most efficient method to control type 2 diabetes, patients avoid this method for unknown reasons. The main aim of the present study is to determine the factors influential in non-adherence to insulin using tools and models that have not been applied in this field so far.
Methods: The tendency to insulin injection in 457 patients with type 2 diabetes was investigated in this cross-sectional study using the classic logistic regression and new learning algorithms, including conditional tree, conditional forest, and random forest. Different fits were compared so that the best model can be determined to identify the factors in non-adherence to insulin.
Results: Although random forest had the highest accuracy among the fitted models, all the methods had a relative consensus that having life insurance, academic education, and insulin injection experience in immediate family members increase the tendency to accept insulin therapy. Our results also showed that younger patients and those who were committed to a specific diet better approved insulin therapy.
Conclusions: The reasons for non-adherence to insulin can be summarized in economic and psychological aspects. Therefore, the health system policies are recommended to address economic issues and also raise public awareness about this treatment method.
