Jafar Hassanzadeh; Zahra Maleki; Arefe Abedinzade; Mohebat Vali
Abstract
Background: The rapid response of governments to overcome COVID-19 is increasingly important. In this study, we investigated the epidemiological changes of Covid-19 and the vaccination status of this disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO).Methods: This research is a descriptive ecologic study. ...
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Background: The rapid response of governments to overcome COVID-19 is increasingly important. In this study, we investigated the epidemiological changes of Covid-19 and the vaccination status of this disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO).Methods: This research is a descriptive ecologic study. Data on vaccination status in the EMRO region were collected and Also the daily cases, daily COVID-19 mortality, the total number of deaths, and cases from January 3, 2020, to June 13, 2022.Results: Iran had the highest number of known cases and deaths, while Bahrain and Tanzania had the highest cumulative rates of cases and deaths, respectively. The highest average monthly incidence rate changes were observed in Iraq, with 41.74%. Iran had the highest average monthly death rate changes with 25.75% and the highest number of known cases and deaths.The United Arab Emirates had the highest total vaccinations per 100 individuals and the highest percentage of persons fully vaccinated.Conclusion: It appears that cooperation among countries in the region regarding vaccination can lead to a decline in the disease and ultimately control its spread. Furthermore, there is a noticeable decrease in the percentage of monthly changes after the start of vaccination in the EMRO countries. The gradual increase in some countries during the last segment highlights the importance of booster vaccinations.
Rozhan Khezri; Saeed Golfiroozi; Layla Shojaie; Hossein- Ali Nikbakht; Sepideh Jahanian; Zahra Maleki; Mousa Ghelichi- Ghojogh
Abstract
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This Article Has No Abstract.
Armin Fereidouni; Maryam Ghanavati; Zahra Maleki; Bahareh Mahdood; Samira Safari; Fatemeh Zare; Leila Hashemi Zadehfard Hagheghe; Salman Barasteh; Camellia Torabizadeh
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has proven to be a major threat to public health in the present century. In this situation, adherence to preventive behaviors seriously impacts the prevention of viral diseases. The present study aims to investigate adherence to public health preventive instructions ...
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has proven to be a major threat to public health in the present century. In this situation, adherence to preventive behaviors seriously impacts the prevention of viral diseases. The present study aims to investigate adherence to public health preventive instructions in patients infected with COVID-19 before contracting the disease.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2020 to March 2021 in Fars province. 3242 patients infected with COVID-19 were selected via multistage sampling. Data were collected using a demographic information form and a researcher-made questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by Stata v. 14 using the chi-square test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The average age of participants was 38.45±13.07 years. 48.80% had a high rate, 47.90% had a moderate rate, and only 3.30% had a low compliance rate with COVID-19 preventive instructions. The patients’ main reason for not following preventive behaviors was having to be present in busy places (41.1%). There was a significant correlation between the participants’ age, gender, place of residence, occupation, education, history of underlying diseases (P≤0.001), marital status (P=0.041), and use of masks with a rate of adherence to preventive behaviors(P≤0.001). In the random forest, the job represents 36.75% compliance with COVID-19 preventive guidelines.Conclusion: Therefore, by raising public awareness, healthcare policymakers and administrators can enhance the public’s observance of the COVID-19 prevention instructions and consequently control the spread of the infection and improve public health during the current crisis caused by the pandemic.
Rozhan Khezri; Saeed Golfiroozi; Hossein- Ali Nikbakht; Zahra Maleki; Mousa Ghelichi- Ghojogh
Abstract
This article has no abstract.
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This article has no abstract.
Mohebat Vali; Alireza Mirahmadizadeh; Zahra Maleki; Sima Afrashteh; Arefe Abedinzade; Farzaneh Kasraei; Haleh Ghaem
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus is among the pathogens that primarily target the respiratory system. Given the importance of Health Care Workers (HCWs) in the fight against COVID-19, their infection with the virus and death can cause irreparable damage to public health. The present systematic review and meta-analysis ...
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Background: Coronavirus is among the pathogens that primarily target the respiratory system. Given the importance of Health Care Workers (HCWs) in the fight against COVID-19, their infection with the virus and death can cause irreparable damage to public health. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the physical and psychological implications of COVID-19 among HCWs. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, some well-known databases were searched for the studies published before 26 June 2020 using the following search strategy: “Novel coronavirus pneumonia”, “Nurses”, “Physicians”, “Medical Staff, Hospital”, “Health Personnel”, and “Community Health Workers”. Finally, 101 out of the 2234 primary screened articles were assessed. Results: Of the total studies included, 54 were related to Physical problems, and 47 were related to Psychosocial Stress. Skin damage (54.48%), Nasal bridge (58.79%), and Dryness tightness (58.57%) were the most common Physical Problems, and Insomnia (32.03%) and Distress (29.34%) were the most common psychosocial problems among HCWs. Conclusion: Training and awareness of the treatment staff about the unwanted side effects of these diseases should be considered in educational programs in different countries because patient care depends on their availability.
Rozhan Khezri; Rohollah Valizadeh; Payam Nozad; Zahra Maleki; Mousa Ghelichi-Ghojogh
Abstract
In December 2019, the viral outbreak was reported in Wuhan, China, by a novel virus named COVID-19 1,2. The virus spread worldwide rapidly because of its high contagiousness, infecting almost all countries in a short time 3, 4. COVID-19 can affect multiple organs, including the respiratory system, neurology ...
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In December 2019, the viral outbreak was reported in Wuhan, China, by a novel virus named COVID-19 1,2. The virus spread worldwide rapidly because of its high contagiousness, infecting almost all countries in a short time 3, 4. COVID-19 can affect multiple organs, including the respiratory system, neurology system, liver, and kidney 5-8. The most important factors impairing the mental health of the COVID-19 patients include the uncontrollable spreading of the disease, unfavorable conditions of the infected patients isolated in the ICUs with acute respiratory problems, lack of effective medications, and the high COVID-19-related mortality rate 9,10. A study by Huang and Rong showed that coping strategies in the patients and nurses in COVID-19-related wards are key determinants of treatment outcome11,12. In general, increased levels of stress can affect health status. Therefore, developing psychological management strategies to maintain and promote the patients’ and healthcare providers’ mental health in COVID-19-related wards are useful. In the present study, we hypothesized that the presence of a psychiatric nurse might speed up the recovery, decrease hospital stay and mortality, and lower mental health maintenance.
Zahra Maleki; Haleh Ghaem; Mozhgan Seif; Sedigheh Foruhari
Abstract
Introduction: Therapeutic Abortion (TA) has been defined as termination of pregnancy before the 20th week of gestation in order to save the mother’s life and prevent birth defects.The present study aimed to investigate the incidence of TA and its related maternal-fetal risk factors.
Methods: This ...
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Introduction: Therapeutic Abortion (TA) has been defined as termination of pregnancy before the 20th week of gestation in order to save the mother’s life and prevent birth defects.The present study aimed to investigate the incidence of TA and its related maternal-fetal risk factors.
Methods: This historical cohort study reviewed 11000 birth records. Among these reviewed records, 83 cases of TA were identified. Then, for each case, three controls of live infants born in the same hospital on the same day were selected and matched for gestational age. We used a researcher-made questionnaire for data collection.
Results: The cumulative incidence of TA was computed 7.54 per 1000 live births. The results of multiple Cox regression model revealed that four risk factors including male gender; parental consanguinity; maternal diseases including gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, infertility, the use of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and urinary tract infection; and maternal medication consumption increased the risk of TA (all hazard ratios > 1: p<0.05).
Conclusion: For the first time, we assessed the incidence of TA through this population-based cohort study in Iran. Importantly, parental consanguinity was one of the predictors of TA revealed in this study. Identification of the causes of TA would prevent the birth of infants with congenital anomalies.
Mohebat Vali; Alireza Mirahmadizadeh; Zahra Maleki; Fatemeh Goudarzi; Arefe Abedinzade; Haleh Ghaem
Abstract
Backgrounds: Given the novelty of COVID-19, reviewing diagnostic methods can be of great help to community health policymakers. Considering the importance of diagnosing COVID-19 and the need for reducing the number of false positive and false negative cases that appear to be different in various ...
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Backgrounds: Given the novelty of COVID-19, reviewing diagnostic methods can be of great help to community health policymakers. Considering the importance of diagnosing COVID-19 and the need for reducing the number of false positive and false negative cases that appear to be different in various diagnostic methods, this systematic review aimed at comparison of PCR test accuracy with laboratory data and CT SCAN in COVID-19.
Methods: In this systematic review, EMBASE (Elsevier, 2018), MEDLINE (National Library of
Medicine, 2018), Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics, 2018b), and Google Scholar
data bases were searched for the studies published prior to 3 April 2020. Based on the inclusion criteria, 20 out of 859 primarily screened studies were finally assessed.
Results: The results indicated that the laboratory diagnosis of viral nucleic acid could have false-negative results, and serological testing of virus-specific IgG and IgM antibodies should be used as an option for diagnosis. Moreover, chest Computerized Tomography (CT) was found to be more sensitive in comparison toReverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) (98% vs. 71%). Hence, the articles offered the combined use of chest CT, SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR, and multi-plex PCR.
Conclusions: Follow-up RT-PCR and chest CT are necessary in COVID-19. In addition, serological testing of virus-specific IgG and IgM antibodies along with laboratory diagnosis of viral nucleic acid can lead to the highly sensitive and accurate diagnosis. Moreover, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is one of the cost-effective methods in epidemic conditions in low- and middle-income countries.
Mohebat Vali; Alireza Mirahmadizadeh; Zahra Maleki; Fatemeh Goudarzi; Arefe Abedinzade; Haleh Ghaem
Abstract
Background: The new Corona virus disease (COVID-19) appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Methods, such as quarantine, isolation, and social distancing, if implemented properly, can help prevent the transmission of the disease. This study aimed to examine the effects of quarantine, isolation, and ...
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Background: The new Corona virus disease (COVID-19) appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Methods, such as quarantine, isolation, and social distancing, if implemented properly, can help prevent the transmission of the disease. This study aimed to examine the effects of quarantine, isolation, and social distancing on the prevention of COVID-19.
Methods: In this systematic review, EMBASE (Elsevier, 2018), MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine, 2018), Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics, 2018b), and Google Scholar databases were searched for the studies published prior to 10 April 2020. The search and data extraction were conducted by two authors and to check and control the quality of the articles, we used the Newcastle-Ottawa checklist.
Results: Based on the inclusion criteria, 24 out of the 768 primarily screened studies were finally assessed.
Studies showed that the short-term negative psychological effects of quarantine included frustration, boredom, anger, and confusion. Nonetheless, extending the adult quarantine period to 18-21 days could be effective in preventing the spread of the virus and controlling the disease. Moreover, the decision to control the people’s travels through restrictions on freedom of movement must be balanced regarding the estimated epidemiological impact and the expected economic outcome.
Conclusions: Although isolation, quarantine, and social distancing all have challenges, they are very useful methods for controlling the disease, which can be best used by knowing their duration of implementation.
Zahra Maleki; Mohammad Ghorbani; Haleh Ghaem; Farid Zand
Abstract
Objectives: Many risk factors are associated with death in and discharge from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with death and discharge among ICU patients. Methods: This historical cohort study was conducted on 712 patients admitted to the ICU of ...
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Objectives: Many risk factors are associated with death in and discharge from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with death and discharge among ICU patients. Methods: This historical cohort study was conducted on 712 patients admitted to the ICU of Namazi hospital in Shiraz between 2013 and 2015. The competing risks regression model was suitable for assessing the risk factors associated with death and discharge in ICU. Data analysis was performed using STATA 13.0 and R software. Results: The mean age of the participants was 53.3±20.7 years. Out of 712 patients, 436 (61.2%) were male and 121 (17.8%) died. In the competing risks model, death was considered as the event of interest, and age and total days of Central Venous Catheter (CVC) and mechanical ventilation use increased the risk of death (all Sub-distribution Hazard Ratios (SHRs) > 1). Conclusion: The findings indicated that increase in age, use of CVC and mechanical ventilation, and female sex caused an increase in death in ICU. However, the risk of death decreased or the chance of discharge increased when the patients were admitted due to surgical reasons.
