Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi; Ikeola A. Adeoye; Olufunmilayo I. Fawole
Abstract
Background: In Nigeria, over 600,000 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) as of 2020. Defaulters after commencing ART range between 10-36%. This study identified the factors associated with default from ART and quality of life among PLWHA. Methods: An unmatched case-control ...
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Background: In Nigeria, over 600,000 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) as of 2020. Defaulters after commencing ART range between 10-36%. This study identified the factors associated with default from ART and quality of life among PLWHA. Methods: An unmatched case-control study was conducted among 102 cases and 204 controls at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. Cases were adults on ART who had defaulted from care and missed at least two consecutive appointments in the last year, while controls were adults on ART who had been consistent with clinic attendance for at least one year. Chi-square test, t-test, and binary logistic regressions were used to identify the predictors of default at a 95% confidence interval. Results:Respondent’s mean age was 41.4±10.3 years while 61.4% of the respondents were females. ART role in reducing viral load was described correctly by 66 (64.7%) cases and 155 (76.0%) controls (p=0.04). The quality of life in the physical domain was 15.3± 3.4 among cases and 16.6±3.0 among controls (p=0.001). Defaulting from treatment was associated with non-disclosure of status to a partner (AOR: 2.8; CI 95%: 1.6-4.9), receiving fewer counseling sessions (AOR: 2.3; CI 95%: 1.3-4.2), poor perception of the quality of health care services (AOR: 2.6; CI 95%: 1.4-4.7), suboptimal quality of life (AOR: 2.7; CI 95%: 1.5- 4.8) and the richer wealth index (AOR: 1.8; CI 95%: 1.01-3.18). Conclusion: Inclusion of discussions on disclosure during counseling sessions was recommended to reduce default.
Abiodun Ebenezer Kolapo; Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi; Temitope Olajumoke Omoju; Olugbenga Adeola Odukanmi; Dayo Olufemi Akanbi; James Olatunde Okediran; Muhammad Shakir Balogun
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, perception, and sources of COVID-19 information among Nigerian youths. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among 817 National Youth Service Corps members. Participants’ overall general knowledge about COVID-19 was ...
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Background: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, perception, and sources of COVID-19 information among Nigerian youths. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among 817 National Youth Service Corps members. Participants’ overall general knowledge about COVID-19 was assessed using nine questions that consisted of general knowledge on the cause, origin, mode of transmission, signs and symptoms, availability of a potent vaccine and specific therapy, prevention strategies of COVID-19 and knowledge of proper handwashing practices. P-values Results: The mean age of the respondents was 24.1± 2 years, 317 (41.2%) were males, and 73 (8.9%) had studied a health-related course. Of the 754 respondents who responded to the COVID-19 knowledge questions, 187 (24.8%) had general knowledge about COVID-19, while 280 (37.1%) had knowledge in all domains; mode of spread, symptoms and signs, and prevention of COVID-19. Among the respondents, 129 (40.7%) males had satisfactory knowledge of COVID-19 (p=0.070), while 38 participants (52.1%) who had studied a health-related course had satisfactory knowledge of COVID-19 (p=0.003). Regarding the knowledge of handwashing, 184 (58%) males displayed satisfactory knowledge (p=0.007). Social media (64.4%) and television (58%) were the main sources of COVID-19 information. Respondents who had studied a health-related course were twice likely to have satisfactory knowledge of COVID-19 (AOR=2, 95% CI=1.25-2.5 p=0.003,) and six times likely to have satisfactory knowledge of handwashing (AOR=5.6, 95%CI=3.3-10.0, p=<0.0001). Conclusion: Utilization of both social media and the mainstream mass media in disseminating health education information and correcting fake news and misconceptions is needed. Health promotion strategies should be organized for all youths, especially among those who have no previous education in the health and allied courses.