Farhang Hooshmand; Vahid Rahmanian; Mohammad Shojaei; Karamatollah Rahmanian
Abstract
Background: The overall prevalence of metabolically unhealthy (MU) phenotype in Iranian adults is a matter of debate. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of metabolically unhealthystate in people over 30 years old in the general population in Southern Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional ...
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Background: The overall prevalence of metabolically unhealthy (MU) phenotype in Iranian adults is a matter of debate. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of metabolically unhealthystate in people over 30 years old in the general population in Southern Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional population-based study, 891 participants aged ≥30 were selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. The study examined age, sex, education, marital status, smoking behavior, weight, height, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, and lipid profiles. MU was defined as the existence of at least two of four constituents of metabolic abnormalities based on ATP III criteria. Data analysis was carried out in Stata version 14. Finally, a logistic regression was performed to identify the risk factors for MU prevalence.Results: The overall prevalence of MU was 49.4%, corresponding to 37.5%, 55.6%, and 60.2% of normal weight, overweight, and obese participants, respectively. MU prevalence significantly increased from 30.6% in participants aged 30-39 years to 69.7% in participants aged 60 years or older. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that dyslipidemia (OR=2.98, CI95%:2.13-4.16), high LDL (OR=2.73, CI95%:1.77-4.20), obesity (OR=2.83, CI95%:1.84-4.36), overweight (OR=2.13, CI95%:1.53- 2.98), and higher age (OR=1.04, CI95%:1.03-1.05) was positively associated with the MU state.Conclusion: Metabolically unhealthy state is a public health problem in the study area. In terms of public health, screening for obesity and other metabolic disorders should be regularly performed in clinical practice to take appropriate preventive measures.
Tooba Kazemi; Bita Bijari; Mohammad Reza Abedini; Hamid Azadmehr
Abstract
Background: Obesity is one of the most public health challenges in the 21st century, which has increased in most countries during the last decade. This study aimed to determine factors affecting the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and central obesity among urban adults referred to Birjand health centers ...
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Background: Obesity is one of the most public health challenges in the 21st century, which has increased in most countries during the last decade. This study aimed to determine factors affecting the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and central obesity among urban adults referred to Birjand health centers in 2017. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the data of all individuals who were registered in the Integrated health application system of Birjand (SIB) from April 2016 until March 2017 by census method. A checklist was designed to include the participants’ demographic characteristics, weight, height, and waist circumference. After coordinating with the health department of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, the authors logged in to the SIB system, collected and entered the data into the checklist. Then, the authors analyzed data using chi-square, independent sample T-test, and ANOVA tests by SPSS-22 software. Results: In the present study, 10,000 people participated. Their average age was of 44.3±11.8 years. The majority were females 7190 (71.9%) out of which 4827 (48.3%)were in the age group of 30 to 40 years old. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity in urban adults who registered in the SIB system in Birjand was 3539 (35.4%), 1968 (19.7%), and 4847 (48.5%), respectively. These features for women were significantly higher than men in all age groups. Conclusion: These findings revealed that obesity and abdominal obesity were high in urban adults in Birjand, which requires immediate intervention to improve the obesity status.
Shiva Faghih; Mehdi Hedayati
Volume 3, Issue 2 , April 2015, , Pages 50-55
Abstract
Background: Although it is assumed that calcium has beneficial effects on weight loss, the interaction of calcium and iron would be a major concern. We did this study to investigate the effects of calcium and low-fat milk on serum ferritin in overweight or obese premenopausal women. Methods: Sixty-four ...
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Background: Although it is assumed that calcium has beneficial effects on weight loss, the interaction of calcium and iron would be a major concern. We did this study to investigate the effects of calcium and low-fat milk on serum ferritin in overweight or obese premenopausal women. Methods: Sixty-four healthy overweight or obese premenopausal women recruited in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences clinics participated in this clinical trial. Participants were randomly allocated to one of the following dietary regimens for 8 weeks: 1) a control diet providing a 500 kcal/day deficit, with 500-600mg/day dietary calcium; 2) a calcium- supplemented diet identical to the control diet with 800mg/day calcium carbonate 3) a milk diet providing a 500kcal/day deficit and containing three servings of low fat milk. Serum ferritin and anthropometric indices were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks. Primary outcome measure was serum ferritin level. Results: Mean±SD of baseline values for age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and serum ferritin were 37.44±9.46 (year), 30.79±3.63 (kg/m2), 88.04±8.90 (cm), and 59.20±47.8 (μg/l), respectively. There were no significant differences in baseline age, BMI, WC, and serum ferritin among 3 groups. Mean values of serum ferritin reductions were 0.26±20.36, 14.59±17.07 and6.57±25.93 (μg/l) in control, calcium, and milk groups, respectively. Reduction in serum ferritin was only significant in the calcium group (P=0.003). Serum ferritin reductions were not significantly different among the 3 groups (P=0.260). Conclusion: An energy-restricted diet in combination with calcium supplement or low-fat milk does not induce any additional adverse effect on iron status, compared to an energyrestricted diet alone.
Shiva Faghih; Alireza Abadi; Mehdi Hedayati; Seyed Masoud Kimiagar
Volume 2, Issue 3 , July 2014, , Pages 88-92
Abstract
Background: Obesity and metabolic syndrome are serious public health problems. It is suggested that high calcium diet can improve lipid profile, blood pressure and insulin resistance.Methods: In this clinical trial, 75 healthy overweight or obese premenopausal women were randomly allocated to one of ...
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Background: Obesity and metabolic syndrome are serious public health problems. It is suggested that high calcium diet can improve lipid profile, blood pressure and insulin resistance.Methods: In this clinical trial, 75 healthy overweight or obese premenopausal women were randomly allocated to one of the following dietary regimens for 8 weeks: 1) a control diet 2) a calcium-supplemented diet containing 800mg/d calcium carbonate 3) a high milk diet containing three servings of low fat milk (all of them providing a 500kcal/day deficit). At baseline and after 8 weeks, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, serum triglyceride (TG), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured.Results: After 8 weeks, WC, FBS and HDL-C decreased in all groups (P<0.001), but there were no significant reduction in TG and blood pressure. Reduction of WC in the milk group was significantly higher than the controls (P=0.028). Also, reduction of HDL-C in the calcium and milk groups was less than the controls (P=0.023 and P=0.019, respectively). Changes in FBS, TG and blood pressure were not significantly different among the 3 groups.Conclusion: We found that increasing milk consumption led to more WC reduction. Milk or calcium intake caused less adverse effect on HDL-C, but has no effect on the blood pressure, FBS and TG. So increase in milk or calcium intake can reduce WC among the metabolic syndrome complications.
