ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Energy-Restricted Diet in Combination with Calcium Supplement or Low-Fat Milk on Iron Status of Overweight or Obese Premenopausal Women
Background: Although it is assumed that calcium has beneficial effects on weight loss, the interaction of calcium and iron would be a major concern. We did this study to investigate the effects of calcium and low-fat milk on serum ferritin in overweight or obese premenopausal women. Methods: Sixty-four healthy overweight or obese premenopausal women recruited in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences clinics participated in this clinical trial. Participants were randomly allocated to one of the following dietary regimens for 8 weeks: 1) a control diet providing a 500 kcal/day deficit, with 500-600mg/day dietary calcium; 2) a calcium- supplemented diet identical to the control diet with 800mg/day calcium carbonate 3) a milk diet providing a 500kcal/day deficit and containing three servings of low fat milk. Serum ferritin and anthropometric indices were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks. Primary outcome measure was serum ferritin level. Results: Mean±SD of baseline values for age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and serum ferritin were 37.44±9.46 (year), 30.79±3.63 (kg/m2), 88.04±8.90 (cm), and 59.20±47.8 (μg/l), respectively. There were no significant differences in baseline age, BMI, WC, and serum ferritin among 3 groups. Mean values of serum ferritin reductions were 0.26±20.36, 14.59±17.07 and6.57±25.93 (μg/l) in control, calcium, and milk groups, respectively. Reduction in serum ferritin was only significant in the calcium group (P=0.003). Serum ferritin reductions were not significantly different among the 3 groups (P=0.260). Conclusion: An energy-restricted diet in combination with calcium supplement or low-fat milk does not induce any additional adverse effect on iron status, compared to an energyrestricted diet alone.
https://jhsss.sums.ac.ir/article_42773_db436615586159118615a8b01c0c8131.pdf
2015-04-01
50
55
Calcium
Milk
Iron
Premenopausal
Overweight
Shiva
Faghih
sh_faghih@sums.ac.ir
1
Department of Community Nutrition,
School of Nutrition and Food Sciences,
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,
Shiraz, Iran;
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Hedayati
2
Cellular and Molecular Research
Center (CMRC), Research Institute for
Endocrine Sciences (RIES), Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Benkhedda K, LâAbbe M R, Cockell KA. Effect of
1
calcium on iron absorption in women with marginal
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iron status. The British journal of nutrition 2010
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Campbell P. Calcium and dairy acceleration of weight
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141
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Removal of Arsenic from Aqueous Solutions Using Welding Iron Waste
Background: Contamination of water with arsenic has attracted the researchers’ attention as a global problem in recent years and has been observed in some parts of Iran. The purpose of this study is to assess the efficiency of welding iron waste in removing arsenic from aqueous solutions. Methods: In this study, the effects of different parameters, such as pH (3-9), initial concentration of arsenic (100-3000 μg/l), contact time (5-90min) and adsorbent dose (2.5-20 g/l), were studied. The final concentrations of arsenic were analyzed by atomic absorption. Results: The results indicated that at pH=3 and fixed dose of 1 g, arsenic removal efficiency of iron waste was 89.73%. By increasing the pH to 7, the removal efficiency increased to 96.44%. Also, an increase in the amount of iron waste from 2.5 to 10g/l, the removal rate increased from about 42.37% to 96.70%. For contact times of 5 and 30 minutes, the removal rate was 9% and 96.62%, respectively. Then, with increasing the contact time to 90 minutes, the removal rate increased to 99.24%. Correlation coefficient of Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms for As(III) was 0.7593 and 0.9979, respectively . Conclusion: The results of the study showed that welding iron waste has a high potential as an effective, fast and cheap method for removal of arsenate and arsenite from aqueous solutions.
https://jhsss.sums.ac.ir/article_42775_8c9918901e4a0e6cf6c6c7d60c6f47d8.pdf
2015-04-01
56
63
Iron waste
Arsenite
Aqueous solutions
Arsenic removal
Abooalfazl
Azhdarpoor
azhdarpoor@sums.ac.ir
1
Department of Environmental Health,
School of Health, Shiraz University of
Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
LEAD_AUTHOR
Roya
Nikmanesh
2
Department of Environmental Health
Engineering, Shiraz University of Medical
Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Samaei
mrsamaei@sums.ac.ir
3
Department of Environmental Health,
School of Health, Shiraz University of
Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
AUTHOR
Sabbatini P, Rossi F, Thern G, Marajofsky A, de
1
Cortalezzi M. Iron oxide adsorbers for arsenic
2
removal: a low cost treatment for rural areas and mobile
3
applications. Desalination 2009; 248(1): 184-92.
4
Shih M-C. An overview of arsenic removal by pressuredrivenmembrane
5
processes. Desalination 2005; 172(1):
6
Boddu VM, Abburi K, Talbott JL, Smith ED, Haasch R.
7
Removal of arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) from aqueous
8
medium using chitosan-coated biosorbent. Water Res
9
; 42(3): 633-42.
10
Hussam A, Habibuddowla M, Alauddin M, Hossain Z,
11
Munir A, Khan A. Chemical fate of arsenic and other
12
metals in groundwater of Bangladesh: Experimental
13
measurement and chemical equilibrium model. Journal
14
of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 2003;
15
(1): 71-86.
16
Kanel SR, Manning B, Charlet L, Choi H. Removal
17
of arsenic (III) from groundwater by nanoscale zerovalent
18
iron. Environ Sci Technol 2005; 39(5): 1291-8.
19
Rahmani A, Ghaffari H, Samadi M. Removal of
20
arsenic (III) from contaminated water by synthetic
21
nano size zerovalent iron. World Academy of Science,
22
Engineering and Technology 2010; 38: 737-40.
23
Kanel SR, Greneche J-M, Choi H. Arsenic (V) removal
24
from groundwater using nano scale zero-valent iron as a
25
colloidal reactive barriermaterial. Environ Sci Technol
26
; 40(6): 2045-50.
27
Barati A, Maleki A, Alasvand M. Multi-trace elements
28
level in drinking water and the prevalence of multichronic
29
arsenical poisoning in residents in the west
30
area of Iran. Sci Total Environ 2010; 408(7): 1523-9.
31
Cornejo L, Lienqueo H, Arenas M, Acarapi J, Contreras
32
D, Yanez J, et al. In field arsenic removal from natural
33
water by zero-valent iron assisted by solar radiation.
34
Environ Pollut 2008; 156(3): 827-31.
35
Sharma B, Bose P. Arsenic sequestration by metallic
36
iron under strongly reducing conditions. Current
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Science-Bangalore 2006; 91(2): 204-8.
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Li X-q, Elliott DW, Zhang W-x. Zero-valent iron
39
nanoparticles for abatement of environmental
40
pollutants: materials and engineering aspects. Critical
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Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences 2006;
42
(4): 111-22.
43
Gu Z, Fang J, Deng B. Preparation and evaluation of
44
GAC-based iron-containing adsorbents for arsenic
45
removal. Environ Sci Technol 2005.3833-43 :)10(39 ;
46
Junyapoon S. Use of zero-valent iron for wastewater
47
treatment. Journal of KMITL Sci Tech 2005; 5(3):
48
Huber DL. Synthesis, properties, and applications of
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iron nanoparticles. Small 2005; 1(5): 482-501.
50
Henke K. Arsenic: environmental chemistry, health
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threats and waste treatment: John Wiley & Sons; 2009.
52
Pokhrel D, Viraraghavan T. Arsenic removal from an
53
aqueous solution by a modified fungal biomass. Water
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Res 2006; 40(3): 549-52.
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Deschamps E, Ciminelli VS , Höll WH. Removal of
56
As (III) and As (V) from water using a natural Fe and
57
Mn enriched sample. Water Res 2005; 39(20): 5212-20.
58
Sperlich A, Werner A, Genz A, Amy G, Worch E,
59
Jekel M. Breakthrough behavior of granular ferric
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hydroxide (GFH) fixed-bed adsorption filters: modeling
61
and experimental approaches. Water Res 2005; 39(6):
62
Mahvi A, Rahmani Boldaji M, Dobaradaran S.
63
Performance evaluation of fluoride resin particiles of
64
iron in water. J of Water and Wastewater 2010; 76: 3-40.
65
Ramaswami A, Tawachsupa S, Isleyen M. Batch-mixed
66
iron treatment of high arsenic waters. Water Res 2001;
67
(18): 4474-9.
68
Banerjee K, Amy GL, Prevost M, Nour S, Jekel
69
M, Gallagher PM, and colleagues. Kinetic and
70
thermodynamic aspects of adsorption of arsenic onto
71
granular ferric hydroxide (GFH). Water Res 2008;
72
(13): 3371-8.
73
Kumar R, Bishnoi NR, Bishnoi K. Biosorption
74
of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution and
75
electroplating wastewater using fungal biomass.
76
Chemical Engineering Journal 2008; 135(3): 202-8.
77
Maleki A, Eslami A. The study of kinetics and
78
isotherm of adsorption of pentavalent arsenic from
79
aqueous solution by wheat straw. Journal of Health
80
and Environment 2010; 3(4): 439-50.
81
Martinson CA, Reddy K. Adsorption of arsenic (III)
82
and arsenic (V) by cupric oxide nanoparticles. J Colloid
83
Interface Sci 2009; 336(2): 406-11.
84
Msaferi M, Mesdaghinia A. Arsenic removal from
85
drinking water using modified activated alumina.
86
Journal of Water and Wastewater 2005; 55: 2-14.
87
Ayer A, Mehrizadeh H. overview An of the applications
88
of Zero-valent iron nanoparticles for the removal
89
of environmental pollutants. Iranian Chemical
90
Engineering Journal 2013; 67(12): 74-80.
91
Zhang W-x. Nanoscale iron particles for environmental
92
remediation: an overview. Journal of nanoparticle
93
Research 2003; 5(3-4): 323-32.
94
Biterna M, Antonoglou L, Lazou E, Voutsa D. Arsenite
95
removal from waters by zero valent iron: batch and
96
column tests. Chemosphere 2010; 78(1): 7-12.
97
Azhdarpoor A, Nikmanesh N, Samaei M. Removal
98
of arsenic from aqueous solutions using waste iron
99
columns inoculated with iron bacteria. Environ Technol
100
Lien H -L, Wilkin R T. High-level arsenite removal
101
from groundwater byzero-valent iron. Chemosphere
102
; 59(3): 377-86.
103
Bang S, Korfiatis GP, Meng X. Removal of arsenic
104
from water by zero-valent iron. J Hazard Mater 2005;
105
(1): 61-7.
106
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Predictive Power of Work Situation Awareness by Work Overload and Job Stress among Workers: Implication for Occupational Health
Backgrounds: Situation awareness is an important factor in industrial accidents. Improving situation awareness may help to prevent occupational accidents. Determination of factors influencing situation awareness will help to plan and take measures for betterment of working condition and development of a safer workplace. In this study, we examined the role of work overload and job stress in predicting work situation awareness among workers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A sample consisting of 180 employees in National Petrochemical Company in 2014 was selected using stratified random sampling method; the participants filled out the questionnaires containing questions on demography characteristics, work situation awareness of Sneddon, Mearns & Flin (2013), work overload of Beehr, Walsh & Taber (1976), and job stress scale of Cohen and colleagues (1983).The data were analyzed by SPSS software using coefficient correlation and stepwise regression. Statistical differences were considered significant at P<0.001. Results: The results showed that there were internal correlation among work overload, job stress and work situation awareness. Also, the results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that work overload and job stress significantly predicted, respectively, almost 11% and 35% of variances of work situation awareness among workers. Conclusion: Work overload and job stress are two main factors for predicting work situation awareness. To improve workplace safety, interventional measures should focus on enhancing the situation awareness via workload and job stress reduction.
https://jhsss.sums.ac.ir/article_42776_25a36797d0113f02c3f0b574af60475b.pdf
2015-04-01
64
70
Workload
Psychological stress
Awareness
Occupational health
Workers
fariba
kiani
fariba.kiani64@yahoo.com
1
Department of Psychology, Faculty
of Education Science & Psychology,
Allameh Tabataba’i University,
Tehran, Iran;
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmad
Borjali
2
Department of Psychology, Faculty
of Education Science & Psychology,
Allameh Tabataba’i University,
Tehran, Iran;
AUTHOR
Kyomars
Farahbakhsh
3
Department of Counseling, Faculty
of Education Science & Psychology,
Allameh Tabataba’i University,
Tehran, Iran;
AUTHOR
Noorali
Farrokhi
4
Department of Assessment and
Measurement, Faculty of Education
Science & Psychology, Allameh
Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Sneddon A, Mearns K, Flin R. Situation awareness and
1
safety in offshore drill crews. Cognition, Technology
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& Work 2006; 8(4): 255-67.
3
Stanton N, Chambers P, Piggott J. Situational awareness
4
and safety. Safety Science 2001; 39: 189â204.
5
Styles E. The psychology of attention. London:
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Psychology Press; 2006.
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Strater O. Cognition and safety. Aldershot: Ashgate;
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Endsley M. Situation awareness global assessment
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technique (SAGAT). In: Proceedings of the National
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Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON)
11
, IEEE, New York, pp. 789-95.
12
Endsley M, Garland D. Situation awareness analysis
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and measurement. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum; 2000.
14
Adams M, Tenney Y, Pew R. Situation awareness and
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the cognitive management of complex systems. Hum
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Factors 1995; 37: 85â104.
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French H, Matthews M, Redden E. Infantry situation
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awareness. In: Banbury S, Tremblay S (eds) A cognitive
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approach to situation awareness: theory and application
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Ashgate, Aldershot.
21
McGowan A, Banbury S. Evaluating interruptionbased
22
techniques using embedded measures of
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driver anticipation. In: Banbury S, Tremblay S (eds)
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A cognitive approach to situation awareness 2004.
25
Ashgate, Aldershot.
26
Fletcher G, Flin R, McGeorge P, Glavin R, Maran N,
27
Patey R. Rating non-technical skills: developing a
28
behavioral marker system for use in anaesthesia. Cogn
29
Technol Work 2004; 6: 165â71.
30
Grech M, Horberry T. Human error in maritime
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Paper presented at the human error, safety and system
33
development conference 2002. Newcastle, 17â18.
34
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awareness and safety in offshore drilling crews. Safety
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43
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Prevalence of Endemic Goiter and Its Relationship to Urine Iodine in Primary School Age Children in Khoramabad
Backgrounds: Iodine deficiency disorder is a major public health problem in areas where there is a lack of iodine in drinking water, soil, and food. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of goiter among school children in the age group of 6-10 years in Khorramabad city. Also, the level of urine iodine was evaluated. Methods: The study was conducted from January 2012 to January 2013 in 1125 school children of 6-10 years of age, attending all the schools of Khorramabad city. The subjects were selected through stratified, random, and cluster sampling methods. Their Goiter degrees were evaluated according to WHO classification. Excretory urine iodine was measured based on micrograms per deciliter. Furthermore, the digestion method was used for experimentation. Results: Out of the 1125 subjects, 866 (77%) had Goiter. 24.2% were diagnosed with Goiter 1a, 45.3% with goiter 1b, and 7.2% with type 2 Goiter. Regarding Goiter, there was no difference between the two sexes. The prevalence of goiter increased with age, but it decreased with the increase of parental educational level. Also, goiter prevalence was lower in families with a higher socioeconomic status. The median urinary iodine was 17.1 micrograms per deciliter, which is desirable in terms of the WHO criterion. Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that using iodizing edible salt to fight with iodine deficiency was effective and helped Khorramabad reach the International indexes of iodine control. Despite this, Khorramabad is one of the hyper- endemic regions in the world.
https://jhsss.sums.ac.ir/article_42777_e4b1bd661d7cb9aaf0b252a13c829ae5.pdf
2015-04-01
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75
Endemic goiter
prevalence
Students
Urine iodine
mahnaz
mardani
msmardani@yahoo.com
1
Associate Professor of Nutrition,
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences,
Khoramabad, Iran;
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fateme
gholaami
gholaamif@yahoo.com
2
GP, Lorestan University of Medical
Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran;
AUTHOR
pouria
rezapour
pa.rezapour@yahoo.com
3
Ms Student of English literature,
Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran;
AUTHOR
farzad
ebrahimzadeh
ebrahimzadehf@yahoo.com
4
Instructor of Statistics, Lorestan
University of Medical Sciences,
Khoramabad, Iran
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Depression and Anxiety and the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in IBS Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Backgrounds: Anxiety and depression are found to be the major contributors to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The present study aimed to measure the effect of a specifically designed cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) program on the severity of the symptoms and quality of life of patients with chronic IBS, and also define whether anxiety and depression in patients with IBS at baseline affect their response to CBT. Methods: The participants were randomly allocated to conventional treatment only (n=25, control) or CBT plus conventional treatment (n=25, intervention) group. The intervention group attended an eight session group stress management training course conducted by a psychologist in a meeting room at a gastrointestinal clinic at Yasuj University of Medical Sciences. Pre- and post-interventions and 3-month follow-up visits were scheduled and conducted by an experienced healthcare worker to measure the primary outcomes and levels of depression and anxiety in the patients. The study was conducted on 2011. Results: The Raw Group Difference (RGD) and Standardised Mean Differences (SMD) for the post-treatment scores of the intervention group, when compared with those of the control group, indicated a considerable improvement in the severity of IBS symptoms (RGD=−10.48, SMD=−1.23), anxiety (RGD=−9.90, SMD=−0.725), d epression ( RGD=−9.57, SMD=−0.785) a nd patient’s quality of life (MD=−16.81, SMD=−0.469). No association (and interaction with CBT) was found between anxiety/depression at baseline and post-treatment or follow-up scores of the outcomes. Conclusion: Although CBT improved anxiety, depression, severity of IBS and quality of life of patients with IBS, its effect was independent of the initial level of anxiety and depression of the patients. Trial registration number: IRCT201102195868N1
https://jhsss.sums.ac.ir/article_42778_bd27caaaed0686c3d9ae7519ce4f7835.pdf
2015-04-01
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82
Irritable bowel syndrome
Stress
Anxiety
Quality of life
Ali
Kamkar
1
Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of
Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran;
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Golzary
2
Department of Psychology, School of
Psychology and Educational Sciences,
Allameh Tabatabaei University, Yasuj,
Iran;
AUTHOR
Noor Ali
Farrokhi
3
Department of Education, Faculty of
Psychology and Educational Sciences,
Evaluation and Phallic, Allameh
Tabatabaei University, Yasuj, Iran;
AUTHOR
Shapur
Aghaee
4
Department of Internal Medicine, School
of Medicine, University of Medical
Sciences Yasuj, Yasuj, Iran;
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Fararouei
fararooei@gmail.com
5
Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center,
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,
Shiraz, Iran
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Epidemiology and Morbidity of Head Lice Infestation in Khorram-shahr County, Iran (2006-2009)
Background: Pediculosis capitis is a continuous common health problem worldwide. Pediculus capitis distributes quickly in overcrowded regions. The goal of the present research was to determine some epidemiological features of head lice infestation in Khorram-shahr County, southwestern Iran. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on the patients with head lice infestation who referred to the Khorram-shahr Health Center during 2006 to 2009. The gold standard in the diagnosis of infestation was the detection of living nymphs, adults and/or nits on the scalp and hair. After the visual inspections with using a lens and the aid of an ordinary comb, cases were asked to complete a data gathering form containing some questions about demographic and epidemiologic features. The collected information was evaluated using SPSS software, version 11.5. Results: Totally, 1091 patients were infested with pediculosis capitis. The overall prevalence of head lice infestation during the four- year period was 0.73%. Girls were significantly more infested (87.2%) than boys (12.8%). Pediculosis capitis infestations were highest (46.2%) in subjects aged 6-10 and lowest in those aged less than six (6.4%). The majority of cases lived in the rural areas. The percentage of infestation in rural and urban patients was 59.2% and 40.8%, respectively. Nearly, 11.8% of the patients with head lice had a history of infestation. Most of the cases were found in the Autumn (35.8%). Conclusion: Girls were more frequently infested with Pediculus capitis than boys. It can also be concluded that head lice infestation is not highly prevalent in Khorram-shahr.
https://jhsss.sums.ac.ir/article_42774_3691aba84c6e87547a59ffebb8d163ef.pdf
2015-04-01
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Pediculus capitis
Epidemiology
Morbidity
Iran
Hamid
Kassiri
hamid.kassiri@yahoo.com
1
Health Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur
University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,
Iran;
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali
Kasiri
ali@yahoo.com
2
Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur
University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,
Iran
AUTHOR
Niusha
Kasiri
niusha@yahoo.com
3
Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur
University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,
Iran
AUTHOR
Fahimeh
Moeininejad
fahimeh@yahoo.com
4
Health Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur
University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,
Iran;
AUTHOR
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