Rahil Ghorbani Nia; Somayeh NooriHekmat; Reza Dehnavieh; Kambiz BahaadinBeigi; Morteza Arab-Zozani
Abstract
Background: The present study investigated the possibility of implementing quaternary prevention using family physicians in Iran’s health system.Methods: The present study was a qualitative study conducted with a grounded theory approach. Thirty-four participants, who were faculty members and experts, ...
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Background: The present study investigated the possibility of implementing quaternary prevention using family physicians in Iran’s health system.Methods: The present study was a qualitative study conducted with a grounded theory approach. Thirty-four participants, who were faculty members and experts, were selected by purposive and theoretical sampling using the snowball approach until data saturation. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The interviews took 20 to 60 minutes each, based on the circumstances and the participant’s willingness to continue. Data analysis was performed along with data collection by Strauss and Corbin’s constant comparative analysis. Using Lincoln and Guba criteria, the accuracy and strength of this research were confirmed.Results: The dimensions model of quaternary prevention using family physicians in Iran were specified in six axial categories: causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and outcomes. The phenomenon was the promotion of quaternary prevention, including defining quaternary prevention, family physicians, the philosophy of quaternary prevention, and the philosophy of family physicians—social, political, economic, cultural, and technological conditions as contextual and intervening conditions. Causal conditions were doctors, patients, and the health system. Two main strategies were intersectoral administration and intra-sectoral governance. Outcomes included efficiency and the provision of security for society.Conclusion: For quaternary prevention promotion and to offer ethically and rationally acceptable scientific services to the people, it is necessary to promote the position of the family physician as the primary implementer of quaternary prevention in healthcare. Getting to the PHC umbrella is achieved through intra-sectoral leadership and inter-sectoral governance, which supports the patient and reduces unnecessary care.
Abdolghani Abdollahimohammad; Mohammadreza Firouzkouhi
Abstract
Background: Water pipe tobacco smoking is used as a traditional way of smoking, but its ascending trend and increasing consumption has become a global phenomenon, which has been associated with increased consumption of fruity or flavored tobaccos. Given the students’ increasing tendency in this ...
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Background: Water pipe tobacco smoking is used as a traditional way of smoking, but its ascending trend and increasing consumption has become a global phenomenon, which has been associated with increased consumption of fruity or flavored tobaccos. Given the students’ increasing tendency in this regard, this study aimed to explore the medical students’ tendency toward using waterpipe tobacco smoking.Methods: This is a qualitative study using a semi-structured interview with 16 medical students in Southeastern Iran (Zabol) from January to May 2020. The data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of 4 themes of “cultural/ family roots”, “individual roots”, “attraction of tobacco flavor and water pipe”, and “misconception about health risks of water pipe tobacco smoking”.Conclusion: Waterpipe tobacco smoking has increased among students for leisure and entertainment. Given that waterpipe tobacco smoking is the basis for entering various opioid addictions and cigarettes, it needs more attention to students from the academic side of principals and families. It is recommended that national and academic authorities should consider the issues that attract the students toward water pipe tobacco smoking.
Hasan Yusefzadeh; Hassan Nazari; Ahmad Vadadi; Reza Mohammadpour
Abstract
Background: Due to the unpredictability of Covid-19, policymakers should look at this issue as a complex system in developing and providing solutions to deal with it. This research aimed to provide a policy model for dealing with Covid-19.Methods: This is a qualitative study and used the theme analysis ...
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Background: Due to the unpredictability of Covid-19, policymakers should look at this issue as a complex system in developing and providing solutions to deal with it. This research aimed to provide a policy model for dealing with Covid-19.Methods: This is a qualitative study and used the theme analysis method. Data collection tools were semi-structured interviews and data analysis in open, centralized, and selective coding stages. The research area was the universities of medical sciences affiliated with the Ministry of Health. The research population of this study included senior managers and their successors who worked in the Corona headquarters with sufficient familiarity with coronavirus issues and practical and managerial experience and supervision of universities and hospitals. In this research, the required data were collected using field methods and interviews with 15 people theoretically and purposefully until the theoretical saturation was reached. The validity of the interview questions was reviewed and confirmed by experts.Results: After analyzing the interviews and integrating the duplicate codes in several stages, 168 codes were obtained and divided into three main categories. These categories included information on the covid-19 in nine subcategories, sections dealing with covid-19 in seven subcategories, and a policy formulation framework in four subcategories.Conclusion: Given the interdependence of economic, social, and cultural systems in the development of policies related to covid-19 and systemic threats, all aspects should be considered.
Kumars Eisapareh; Mohammad Hossein Kaveh; Farzaneh Noroozi; Fateme Eftekharian
Abstract
Background: Regarding demographic, socio-economic differences, and some other infrastructural factors, there are concerns about the access to and use of mobile health technology. This study aims to identify the facilitators and barriers to the use of mobile health from the perspective of users.Methods: ...
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Background: Regarding demographic, socio-economic differences, and some other infrastructural factors, there are concerns about the access to and use of mobile health technology. This study aims to identify the facilitators and barriers to the use of mobile health from the perspective of users.Methods: In this qualitative meta-synthesis, electronic databases were systematically searched. Studies included qualitative investigations published by 30th of December 2020 that examined the facilitators or barriers to using mobile health from the users’ point of view. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist was used to evaluate the quality of each study. A steady comparison process has been used to identify similar structures in several studies that have been summarized in thematic constructs.Results: Six factors were identified as barriers and seven factors as facilitators. Barriers included difficulty in use, inaccessibility, uselessness or inapplicability, lack of adequate skills, communication barriers, and security concerns; facilitating factors included motivational factors, documentation, degree of ease, provider credibility and source of information, perceived usability, social-cultural appropriateness, and perceived benefits.Conclusion: The findings of this study provide a good basis for information and communication technology practitioners as well as health care services to improve access to and use of mobile health technology by adopting appropriate policies for infrastructure development and social empowerment. Further research focusing on technological, demographic, and geriatrics aspects is suggested.
Mohammad Hossein Kaveh; Shirin Ahmadnia; Mohadeseh Motamed-Jahromi; Fazlollah Ahmadi
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 epidemic in Iran has imposed a heavy social, economic, political, and psychosocial burden and caused devastating social problems. On the other hand, it has also led to promising social cohesion. This study aimed to explore the community-wide changes following the COVID-19 pandemic ...
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Background: COVID-19 epidemic in Iran has imposed a heavy social, economic, political, and psychosocial burden and caused devastating social problems. On the other hand, it has also led to promising social cohesion. This study aimed to explore the community-wide changes following the COVID-19 pandemic and to understand how these changes may affect the Iranian community.Methods: This qualitative study used the grounded theory approach and conducted from May 2020 to March 2021 at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Adopting a purposive sampling approach, 15 faculty members in different fields participated in this study, and 17 interviews were performed.Results: This study indicated that the core phenomenon in the social change process was “struggling for survival and livelihood”. Therefore, people tried to identify and choose strategies to deal with or repel COVID-19 disease as a life-threatening situation. A set of contextual factors influenced their choice. The media and the performance of organizations as intervening conditions also played an important role in this process. Finally, this complex process led to constructive and destructive outcomes in society.Conclusion: The COVID-19 epidemic caused various multifaceted social changes in the Iranian community. Some social consequences were constructive and contributed to community development, while others jeopardized community development goals. Therefore, the paradigm model developed in this study can help policymakers and social planners develop programs to promote community health.
Rita Rezaee; Sahar Zare; Fatemeh Niknam; Ali Akbari; Mohammad Shirdeli; Farshad Falahati; Saeed Aghajani
Abstract
Background: A variety of clinical and administrative employees form a complicated communication network which makes various conflicts and contradictions possible in hospitals. This highlights the significant impact of internal communication in directing healthcare centers as one of the manager’s ...
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Background: A variety of clinical and administrative employees form a complicated communication network which makes various conflicts and contradictions possible in hospitals. This highlights the significant impact of internal communication in directing healthcare centers as one of the manager’s duties. Although improving hospital management is key to improvement of the healthcare delivery, few studies have been conducted to address internal communication as one of the main management tasks in hospitals. The current study aimed to determine the contributing factors influencing internal communication based on hospital managers and healthcare personnel’s points of view. Methods: A qualitative study utilizing a content analysis approach was performed. A purposive sampling method was recruited and twenty hospital managers and healthcare staff in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions were conducted. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis by MAXQDA version 10. Results: Eight managers and twelve healthcare staff including eleven male and nine female subjects participated in the study. Three main themes were discerned: namely “personal factors”, “technical factors”, and “organizational and structural factors”. The participants placed the most emphasis on leadership and new technologies as the influential subthemes. Conclusion: Many factors can affect internal communication, some of which depend mostly on managers to be applied effectively in the hospitals and some on healthcare staff. The identified factors help the managers and staff to recognize how their internal communication can be impressed by these factors and how they can create effective internal communications.
Violet Alipour; Farah Naderi; Behnam Makvandi; Reza Pasha; Parviz Asgari
Abstract
Background: Given the chronic pain management complexities, achieving a model for managing chronic pain psychological dimensions is very important. Hence, the current study aimed to design a psychological empowerment model in chronic pain management. Methods: This qualitative method was conducted using ...
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Background: Given the chronic pain management complexities, achieving a model for managing chronic pain psychological dimensions is very important. Hence, the current study aimed to design a psychological empowerment model in chronic pain management. Methods: This qualitative method was conducted using a grounded theory approach; the main method of data collection was semi-structured interviews and participant observation. The participants were 15 members of the treatment team and six patients with chronic pain, selected via theoretical and purposive sampling from 2018 to 2020. Data analysis was performed concurrently with data gathering based on Corbin and Strauss’s proposed method. Data validity was confirmed via Lincoln and Guba’s criteria. Results: The developed psychological empowerment model in chronic pain management consists of six constructs including “pain reasoning”, “vulnerability”, “pain interactions”, “ailment”, “facing pain”, and “self-empowerment”. Among them “self-empowerment” was identified as the major concept or core category. The themes of pain reasoning and vulnerability were identified as the cause and background , respectively, which affected the phenomenon of ailment. In this regard, the themes pain interactions and facing pain were also recognized as the interferers and approaches which lead to self-empowerment like the consequences, if implemented properly. Conclusion: The developed model in this study, as a caring model, can be used for compensating the lack of attention to chronic pain psychological dimensions in chronic pain management. Its use in clinical settings requires further studies on testing the above model on patients with chronic pain.
