Original Article
Ehsan Saki; Abouzar Soltani; Mohammad Djaefar Moemenbellah-Fard; Mohsen Kalantari; Hedayat Dorzaban; Kourosh Azizi
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2018, Pages 2-7
Abstract
Background: Fipronil systemic insecticide and integrated vector management (IVM) leading to control and/or reduction of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) cases were evaluated in the studied endemic foci of Fars province, southern Iran, during 2016 to 2017. Methods: Based on available data on disease ...
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Background: Fipronil systemic insecticide and integrated vector management (IVM) leading to control and/or reduction of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) cases were evaluated in the studied endemic foci of Fars province, southern Iran, during 2016 to 2017. Methods: Based on available data on disease circumstances collected from Center for Disease Control (CDC) of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, incidence of disease, and demographics of the natives, five villages were randomly selected among those with high and medium CL infection in Kharameh area. All villagers were checked by physical examination and the incidence rates of ZCL cases were recorded. IVM interventions were implemented. Indeed, these procedures consisted of fipronil systemic insecticide poison baits, indoor residual spraying (IRS), outdoor spraying of the patients’ houses, and the thermal fogging (three times) during peak periods of sand flies’ activities. Results: After interventions, the incidence rates of ZCL decreased by 2.55% in Mehrabad village, in which all IVM methods were implemented. Similarly, the incidence of disease was reduced by 4.89% in Sofla and Moezabad villages, using exclusively fipronil poison baits. Besides, these incidence rates declined by 1.15% in two control villages of Soltan-Shahr and Abshor, where examination of the rodent reservoir hosts was performed. Conclusion: Fipronil and IVM methods were advantageous in reducing the incidence rates of leishmaniasis, but it seems that the use of fipronil systemic insecticide as a poison bait against reservoir rodent was significantly more effective (P-Value=0.01).
Original Article
Zohre Moeini; Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor; Saeed Yousefinejad; Shima Bahrami
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2018, Pages 8-15
Abstract
Background: Atrazine is one of the most widely used chlorinated herbicides with properties, such as sustainability in soil and ability to penetrate into water sources. This study aimed to investigate the photo-degradation of atrazine using ultraviolet ray and to identify its by-products. Methods: The ...
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Background: Atrazine is one of the most widely used chlorinated herbicides with properties, such as sustainability in soil and ability to penetrate into water sources. This study aimed to investigate the photo-degradation of atrazine using ultraviolet ray and to identify its by-products. Methods: The efficiency of atrazine removal under UV irradiation with a power of 6-125 watts was investigated and some effective parameters, such as initial concentration (10-100 mg/l) and pH (3-5), were studied during the radiation period (5-90 minutes). In all experiments, the volume of the solution used in 250-ml Erlenmeyer flask was 100 ml. After all, the final and by-products produced during this process were identified by mass gas chromatography. Results: The results showed that the removal efficiency did not change significantly by increasing pH. With increasing lamp power from 6 to 125 watts at one hour, the degradation efficiency increased by 24.5%, 23.5%, and 29.7% at concentrations of 10, 30, and 50 mg/l, respectively. Also, by increasing time from 5 to 15 minutes under the 125-watt radiation, the removal efficiency increased from 45.6 to 96.8%. Examining the results of mass gas chromatography revealed that atrazine photolysis process progressed towards the mineralization of atrazine. Accordingly, organic chlorine transformed to chlorine ion and organic nitrogen involved in ammonium and nitrate molecules. Conclusion: Overall, the results indicated that photolysis at the wavelength of 254 nm could be used along with other purification methods to completely remove atrazine and simultaneously disinfect contaminated water sources.
Original Article
Arash Mani; Maryam Fattahi; Akbar Rasekhi Kazerouni; Leila Khabir
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2018, Pages 16-22
Abstract
Aim: Sexual relation is an important and sensitive subject among human beings. A life domain that has received very little attention is patients' satisfaction with their sex life, also called sexual satisfaction. Physical illnesses and mental disorders affect sexual satisfaction. The aim of this project ...
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Aim: Sexual relation is an important and sensitive subject among human beings. A life domain that has received very little attention is patients' satisfaction with their sex life, also called sexual satisfaction. Physical illnesses and mental disorders affect sexual satisfaction. The aim of this project was to compare sexual satisfaction among psychiatric, internal medicine patients and healthy controls. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Statistical population consisted of all the patients who referred to the clinic during the spring of 2017 as psychiatric and internal medicine outpatients who were referred to Emam Reza and Motahari policlinic affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS). 200 patients with psychiatric disorder, 200 patients with internal disease, and 200 healthy controls were selected using convenience sampling to participate in the study. They filled out demographic information questionnaire and Larson Sexual Satisfaction (LSS). Findings: The groups differed significantly in variance analysis in terms of sexual satisfaction (F=29.27, p= 0.001), compatibility (F=5.77, p= 0.003), quality (F=23.79, p= 0.001), and attitude (F=15.26, p= 0.001). Discussion: The results of the study indicated a lower rate of sexual satisfaction in the psychiatric patients compared to internal medicine patients and healthy controls.
Original Article
Mansour Kashfi; Nahid Hatamian; Tayebeh Rakhshani
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2018, Pages 23-28
Abstract
Introduction: Despite the provision of health care in Iran, brucellosis is still an endemic disease, so this study was carried out to determine the epidemiology of brucellosis in Andimeshk city during 2001-2016. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with brucellosis, ...
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Introduction: Despite the provision of health care in Iran, brucellosis is still an endemic disease, so this study was carried out to determine the epidemiology of brucellosis in Andimeshk city during 2001-2016. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with brucellosis, which were reported by governmental and non-governmental departments and received relevant diagnostic and laboratory information after receiving reports from patients. The obtained information was entered in the survey form. Sampling was done by census. SPSS version 20 was applied for analysis of data using descriptive statistics as well as the chi-square and independent t-test; a significant level of 0.05 was considered. Results: In the study period, there were 713 patients with brucellosis in Andimeshk. There were 390 males and 324 females with a male to female ratio of 1.02:1. The age of the patients ranged from 1 to 74 years with a mean of 31.19±17.03 years. The annual incidence rate per 100,000 persons was 24.42. There was a statistically significant association (p <0.05) between sex and exposure to infected milk and cattle. Also, the results showed that there was no statistically significant association (p>0.05) between the infected milk and job, year, season and month. Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings of this study showed that the incidence of brucellosis was higher among males, young people, and dairy farmers. Therefore, continuous surveillance and efforts are required to further decrease the cases of brucellosis.
Original Article
Tayebeh Rakhshani; Mansour Kashfi; Irandokht Amirian; Mohammad Reza Ebrahimi; Seyyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2018, Pages 29-35
Abstract
Introduction: Traffic accidents are considered a major public health problem in many parts of the world. The present study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of fatal traffic accidents in Yasouj city during the years 2014-2015. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out through a cross-sectional ...
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Introduction: Traffic accidents are considered a major public health problem in many parts of the world. The present study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of fatal traffic accidents in Yasouj city during the years 2014-2015. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out through a cross-sectional method and the study population included all individuals who had died in traffic accidents in Yasouj city during 2014-2015. The source of data collection was the Legal Medicine Organization. The data were analyzed through SPSS 16,using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Results: The mean age of the deceased was 35.44 ± 20.99 years. The highest death rate was observed in the age groups over 25-34 years old (21.3%), 15-24 years (17.6%) and 35-44 years (17%), respectively. Most of the deceased were male (75%), single (55.4%), illiterate (44%), self-employed (29.3%) and residents of rural areas (52.3%). The ultimate cause of death of more than half of the deceased was head trauma (30.7%) and most of the deceased had died at the accident site (55.4%). 52.7% had died of collision with a passenger car. There was a significant association between the location of death and location of accident (outside/inside)(p-value=0.004); also, the result showed no significant relationship between the cause of death and location of accident (p-value <0.001) and type of vehicle (p-value <0.001).
Original Article
Mohammad Hossein Kaveh; Fatemeh Shirdel; Abdolrahim Asadollahi
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2018, Pages 36-39
Abstract
Evidence suggests that the quality of family relationships is associated with family members’ general health. Given of the scanty studies on adolescents, especially in Iran, this study aimed to determine the association between parent-adolescent conflict and adolescents’ general health. ...
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Evidence suggests that the quality of family relationships is associated with family members’ general health. Given of the scanty studies on adolescents, especially in Iran, this study aimed to determine the association between parent-adolescent conflict and adolescents’ general health. Methods: Out of 40 high schools in Behbahan, 10 were randomly selected, and then 391 students were selected through random sampling method. The Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire were used for data collection. Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, and ANOVA were used for data analysis in SPSS. Results: The findings of this study showed a significant and positive correlation between parent-adolescent conflict and general health (p=0.001, r=0.142). There was also a significant difference between the parent-adolescent conflict and mother's educational level (p=0.001), between general health and mother's educational level (p=0. 01), and between parent-adolescent conflict and father's educational level (p=0.003). There was no statistically significant difference between gender and parent-adolescent conflict and general health. Conclusion: According to the results, with an increase in parent-adolescent conflict, the general health scores would also increase, indicating lower general health. Further studies are recommended to identify familial conflict and general health (mental) risk factors. A family-oriented training program is recommended to improve the parent-adolescent communication skills
Original Article
Mansour Kashfi; Mostafa Eslahi; Tayebeh Rakhshani; Hasan Hashemi; Pejhman Baqeri; Mehdi Sharafi
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2018, Pages 40-45
Abstract
Introduction: Environmental health is definitely one of the issues and challenges considered by human societies on the eve of the third millennium. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the knowledge, attitude and performance of the people of Fasa on segregation of municipal solid wastes ...
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Introduction: Environmental health is definitely one of the issues and challenges considered by human societies on the eve of the third millennium. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the knowledge, attitude and performance of the people of Fasa on segregation of municipal solid wastes in 2017. Method: This cross – sectional study was conducted on 400 residents of Fasa who were selected through cluster sampling. The tool used in this study was a Lickert-spectrum questionnaire, which was essentially a combination of two standard instruments and the researcher’s field studies. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 22 software as well as descriptive statistics, Man-Whitney test and one – way ANOVA test. Results: The results of this study showed that the mean knowledge, attitude and performance of the people were 23.5±5.3, 13.5±3.0, and 21.5±2.6, respectively. 43.7% of the subjects had weak knowledge (188 people), 28.6% had moderate knowledge (123 people) and 27.7% had good knowledge (119 people). Moreover, 36.6% had weak attitude (156 people), 19.3% had moderate (85 people) and 44% had good attitude (189 people). Finally, the performance of 46% of the participants was weak (198 people), that of 30.5% was moderate (131 people), and 23.5% had good performance (101 people). The mean scores of knowledge, attitude and performance of the male and female subjects were not significantly different.
Original Article
Tayebeh Rakhshani; Mansour Kashfi; Fariba Idani; Mohammad Reza Ebrahimi; Seyyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2018, Pages 46-51
Abstract
Introduction: Deaths from traffic accidents (RTIs) are a major public health problem in all societies, especially in the low and middle-income countries; the present study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology of fatal road traffic accidents in Ahvaz city. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study ...
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Introduction: Deaths from traffic accidents (RTIs) are a major public health problem in all societies, especially in the low and middle-income countries; the present study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology of fatal road traffic accidents in Ahvaz city. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which included all deaths from RTIs in Ahvaz province (Southwest Iran) admitted to forensic medicine during 2015-2016. ICD-10 was used as diagnostic criteria. Demographic variables as well as injury circumstance) name, surname, phone number, age, sex, season, month, day, accident location, vehicle type, status of the injured person (were recorded by trained research team in forensic medicine. Descriptive data are reported. SPSS 20 software was used for analysis of data. Results: During years 2015-2016, a total of 50 deaths occurred due to road accidents in Ahvaz province. The mean age was 34.99 ± 19.98 years. The mortality rate was higher in men (79.4%), married subjects (57.4%), illiterate ones (26.2%), self-employed subjects (34.6%) and residents of urban areas (78.8%). There were statistically significant relationships between the accident location and the place of death, and between the trauma spot and the cause of death (P <0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that most of the deceased were male, married and young, so preventive measures such as precise traffic surveillance and enforcement of the regulations for safe driving are considered essential.
